Biblio

Zhao, H. , D. Bucci, M. Weltzin, and K. L. Drew. 2003. Effects of aversive stimuli on learning and memory in wild caught Arctic ground squirrels. Behavioral Brain Research.

Zhao, H. , D. J. Bucci, M. Weltzin, and K. L. Drew. 2004. Effects of aversive stimuli on learning and memory in Arctic ground squirrels. Behavioural Brain Research 151:219–224.

Wisz, M. S. , R. J. Hijimans, A. T. Peterson, C. H. Graham, A. Guisan, N. C. E. A. S. Predicting Group, and F. Huettmann. 2008. Effects of sample size on the performance of species distribution models. Diversity and Distributions 14:763–773.

Wipfli, M. S. , J. S. Richardson, and R. J. Naiman. 2007. Ecological Linkages Between Headwaters and Downstream Ecosystems: Transport of Organic Matter, Invertebrates, and Wood Down Headwater Channels1. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 43:72–85.

Wipfli, M. S. , and D. P. Gregovich. 2002. Export of invertebrates and detritus from fishless headwater streams in southeastern Alaska: implications for downstream salmonid production. Freshwater Biology 47:957–969.

Wipfli, M. S. , J. S. Richardson, and R. J. Naiman. 2007. Ecological linkages between headwaters and downstream ecosystems: Transport or organic matter, invertebrates and wood down headwater channels. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 43:72–85.

Wilson, R. J. A. , B. E. Taylor, and M. B. Harris. 2009. The Encyclopedia of Neuroscience 3rd Ed.

White, R. G. , B. R. Thomson, T. Skogland, S. J. Person, D. E. Russell, D. F. Holleman, and J. R. Luick. 1975. Ecology of caribou at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. 150 - 210 in S. Report No., 2 and Brown, J. Ecological investigations of the tundra biome in the Prudhoe Bay region. . University of AlaskaFairbanks, Alaska.

White, R. G. , I. D. Hume, and J. V. Nolan. 1988. Energy expenditure and protein turnover in three species of wallabies (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) B 158:237 - 246.

White, R. G. . 1993. Energy expenditure of ruminants on pasture. 475 - 498 in VII World Conference on Animal Production.

White, R. G. , and M. K. Yousef. 1978. Energy expenditure in reindeer walking on roads and on tundra 56:215 - 223.

Wen, J. , and S. M. Ickert-Bond. 2009. Evolution of the Madrean–Tethyan disjunctions and the North and South American amphitropical disjunctions in plants. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 47:331–348.

Weiser, E. L. , and A. N. Powell. 2011. Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis. Journal of Field Ornithology 82:297–310.

Wagner, D. . 2018. The effect of an outbreak by the leaf miner Micrurapteryx salicifoliella on the performance of multiple Salix species in interior Alaska. Botany in press.

Trudell, J. , and R. G. White. 1981. The effect of forage structure and availability on food intake, biting rate, bite size and daily eating time of reindeer 18:63 - 81.

Stanley, E. H. , S. G. Fisher, and J. B. Jones. 2004. Effects of water loss on primary producers: a landscape-model. Aquatic Sciences 66:130–138.

Staaland, H. , D. F. Holleman, J. R. Luick, and R. G. White. 1982. Exchangeable sodium pool size and turnover in relation to diet in reindeer 60:603 - 610.

Staaland, H. , E. Jacobsen, and R. G. White. 1984. The effect of mineral supplements on nutrient concentrations and pool sizes in the alimentary tract of reindeer fed lichens or concentrates during the winter 62:1232 - 1241.

Sloat, M. R. , D. J. Fraser, J. B. Dunham, J. A. Falke, C. E. Jordan, J. R. McMillan, and H. A. Ohms. 2014. Ecological and evolutionary patterns of freshwater maturation in Pacific and Atlantic salmonines. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 24:689-707.

Sedinger, J. S. , P. L. Flint, and M. S. Lindberg. 1995. Environmental influence on life-history traits: growth, survival, and fecundity in black brant (Branta bernicla). Ecology 76:2404–2414.

Sedinger, J. S. , R. G. White, and W. E. Hauer. 1990. Effects of carrying radio transmitters on energy expenditure of Pacific black brant 54:42 - 45.

Schwartz, C. C. , K. J. Hundertmark, and W. R. Lance. 1991. Effects of R51163 on intake and metabolism in moose.. Journal of wildlife diseases 27:119–22.

Schwartz, C. C. , K. J. Hundertmark, and T. H. Spraker. 1992. AN EVALUATION OF SELECTIVE BULL MOOSE HARVEST ON THE KENAI PENINSULA, ALASKA. Alces 28:1–13.

Schultner, J. , A. S. Kitaysky, J. Welcker, and S. Hatch. 2012. The ecology of stress: Fat or lean: adjustment of endogenous energy stores to predictable and unpredictable changes in allostatic load. Functional Ecology.

Schmidt, J. H. , M. S. Lindberg, D. S. Johnson, and J. A. Schmutz. 2009. Environmental and human influences on trumpeter swan habitat occupancy in Alaska. The Condor 111:266–275.