Brian Barnes

Credit:

Todd Paris/UAF

Research Interests:

Physiological ecology and endocrinology of hibernating mammals; biological rhythms and sleep; overwintering biology of animals including insects. We work in field and laboratory settings investigating behavioral and physiological mechanisms by which animals cope with high-latitude winter and summer environments.

Brian M. Barnes

Professor of Zoophysiology

INBRE Director/PI

Toolik Co-PI

bmbarnes@alaska.edu

Office:

311 Irving 1 Bldg.

907-474-7649

Lab:

270 Arctic Health Research Bldg.

907-474-6067

Postal Address:

P.O. Box 757000

Fairbanks, AK 99775-7000

University of California, Riverside. B.S. in Biology, 1977
Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station. Workshop on Biological Rhythms, 1977
University of Washington. Ph.D. in Zoology, 1983. G.J. Kenagy, advisor

University of California, Berkeley. Post-doctoral fellow, Departments of Zoology and Psychology, 1983-1986. P. Licht and I. Zucker, advisors
University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife: Assistant Professor of Zoophysiology, 1986-1991; Associate Professor, 1991-1999; Professor, 2000-current; Interim Director, IAB 2001; IAB Director, 2002-2021; Alaska INBRE Director, 2014-current; Toolik Field Station Co Science Director, 1998-current
Secretary, Section in Comparative Endocrinology, American Society of Zoologists. 1994-1995
N.S.F. Panel for Dissertation Improvement Grants, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1995
University of Tromsø, Norway. Department of Arctic Biology. Visiting Scholar, 1995
University of Groningen, The Netherlands, Chronobiology Research Group. Visiting Scholar, 1996
N.S.F. Workshop developing a mission statement for the Toolik Field Station
Chair, Toolik Field Station Steering Committee
Chair, Laurence Irving and Per Scholander Memorial Lecture Committee

Google Scholar Profile

2015

Williams, C.T., Barnes, B.M. & Buck, L.C., 2015. Persistence, Entrainment, and Function of Circadian Rhythms in Polar Vertebrates. Physiology, 30(2).

2014

Williams, C.T. et al., 2014. Phenology of hibernation and reproduction in ground squirrels: integration of environmental cues with endogenous programming. Journal of Zoology.

2013

Barnes, B.M., Williams, C.T. & Buck, C.L., 2013. Circadian rhythms in free-living arctic ground squirrels. In INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY. INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY. OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA.

Richter, M.M. et al., 2013. Hibernation at Extremes: How low can you go?. In INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY. INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY. OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA.

Williams, C.T. et al., 2013. Phenology of hibernation and reproduction in free-living arctic ground squirrels. In INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY. INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY. OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA.

Bloch, G. et al., 2013. Animal activity around the clock with no overt circadian rhythms: patterns, mechanisms and adaptive value. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 280. Available at: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1765/20130019.abstract.

Helm, B. et al., 2013. Annual rhythms that underlie phenology: biological time-keeping meets environmental change. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 280.

Lee, T.N. et al., 2013. A test of alternative models for increased tissue nitrogen isotope ratios during fasting in hibernating arctic ground squirrels. Journal of Experimental Biology, 215, pp.3354–3361.

Sheriff, M.J. et al., 2013. Changing seasonality and phenological responses of free-living male arctic ground squirrels: the importance of sex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 368.

Sheriff, M.J. et al., 2013. Metabolic rate and prehibernation fattening in free-living Arctic ground squirrels. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 86, pp.515–527.

Xu, Y. et al., 2013. Molecular signatures of mammalian hibernation: comparisons with alternative phenotypes. BMC Genomics, 14, p.567.

2012

Carrasco, M. et al., 2012. Investigating the deep supercooling ability of an Alaskan beetle, Cucujus clavipes puniceus, via high throughput proteomics. Journal of Proteomics, 75, pp.1220-1234. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.10.034.

Fedorov, V.B. et al., 2012. Preservation of bone mass and structure in hibernating black bears (Ursus americanus) through elevated expression of anabolic genes. Functional Integrative Genomics, 12, pp.357-365. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10142-012-0266-3.

Sheriff, M.J. et al., 2012. Thermoregulatory changes anticipate hibernation onset by 45 days: data from free-living arctic ground squirrels. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, (182), pp.841-847. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-012-0661-z.

Williams, C.T. et al., 2012. Hibernation and Circadian Rhythms of Body Temperature in Free-Living Arctic Ground Squirrels. Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental PhysiologyZoology, 85, pp.397–404.

2011

Coltrane, J.A. et al., 2011. Seasonal body composition, water turnover, and field metabolic rates in porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) in Alaska. Journal of Mammology, 92(3), pp.601-610. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/10-MAMM-A-262.1.

Fedorov, V.B. et al., 2011. Modulation of gene expression in heart and liver of hibernating black bears (Ursus americanus). BMC Genomics, 12, p.171.

Lee, T.N. et al., 2011. Estimating lean mass over a wide range of body composition: a calibration of deuterium dilution in the arctic ground squirrel. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 25, pp.3491-3496. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.5253.

Stieler, J.T. et al., 2011. The Physiological Link Between Metabolic Rate Depression and Tau Phosphorylation in Mammalian Hibernation. PLOS One, 6(1), p.e14530.

Toien, O. et al., 2011. Hibernation in Black Bears: Independence of Metabolic Suppression from Body Temperature. Science, 331, pp.906–909.

Walters, K.R. et al., 2011. A thermal hysteresis-producing xylomannan glycolipid antifreeze associated with cold tolerance is found in diverse taxa. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 181, pp.631–640.

Williams, C.T., Barnes, B.M. & Buck, L.C., 2011. Daily body temperature rhythms persist under the midnight sun but are absent during hibernation in free-living arctic ground squirrels. Biology Letters, Online.

Williams, C.T. et al., 2011. Hibernating above the permafrost: effects of ambient temperature and season on expression of metabolic genes in liver and brown adipose tissue of arctic ground squirrels. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 214, pp.1300–1306.

Williams, C.T. et al., 2011. Data logging of body temperatures provides precise information on phenology of reproductive events in a free-living arctic hibernator. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 181, pp.1101–1109.

2010

Liu, Y. et al., 2010. Genomic analysis of miRNAs in an extreme mammalian hibernator, the Arctic ground squirrel. Physiological Genomics, 42a, pp.39-51. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00054.2010.

Shao, C. et al., 2010. Shotgun Proteomics Analysis of Hibernating Arctic Ground Squirrels*. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, 9.2, pp.313-326.

Sheriff, M.J. et al., 2010. Phenological variation in annual timing of hibernation and breeding in nearby populations of Arctic ground squirrels. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 278(1716), pp.2369-75. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2482.

Zhao, S. et al., 2010. Genomic analysis of expressed sequence tags in American black bear Ursus americanus. BMC Genomics, 11.

2009

Duman, J.G. et al., 2009. Antifreeze and ice nucleator proteins. In Insects at Low Temperature. Insects at Low Temperature. pp. 59-90. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511675997.004.

Fedorov, V.B. et al., 2009. Elevated expression of protein biosynthesis genes in liver and muscle of hibernating black bears (Ursus americanus). Physiological Genomics, 37, pp.108-118. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.90398.2008.

Karpovich, S.A. et al., 2009. Energetics of arousal episodes in hibernating arctic ground squirrels. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 179, pp.691-700. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-009-0350-8.

Lee, T.N., Barnes, B.M. & Buck, C.L., 2009. Body temperature patterns during hibernation in a free-living Alaska marmot (Marmota broweri). Ethology Ecology & Evolution, 21, pp.403-413.

Sformo, T. et al., 2009. Simultaneous freeze tolerance and avoidance in individual fungus gnats, Exechia nugatoria. African Journal of Ecologyl of Comparative Physiology B, 179, pp.897-902. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-009-0369-x.

Stieler, J.Thorsten et al., 2009. PHF-like tau phosphorylation in mammalian hibernation is not associated with p25-formation. Journal of Neural Transmission, 116, pp.345–350.

Walters, K.R. et al., 2009. A nonprotein thermal hysteresis-producing xylomannan antifreeze in the freeze-tolerant Alaskan beetle Upis ceramboides. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, pp.20210–20215.

Walters, Jr., K.R. et al., 2009. Freeze tolerance in an arctic Alaska stonefly. Journal of Experimental Biology, 212, pp.305–312.

2008

Frank, C.L., Karpovich, S. & Barnes, B.M., 2008. Dietary fatty acid composition and the hibernation patterns in free-ranging arctic ground squirrels. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 81(4), pp.486-495.

Yan, J. et al., 2008. Modulation of gene expression in hibernating arctic ground squirrels. Physiological Genomics, 32, pp.170–181.

2007

Drew, K.L. et al., 2007. Central nervous system regulation of mammalian hibernation: Implications for metabolic suppression and ischemia tolerance. Journal of Neurochemistry, 102(6), pp.1713-1726.

Long, R.A., Hut, R.A. & Barnes, B.M., 2007. Simultaneous Collection of Body Temperature and Activity Data in Burrowing Mammals: A New Technique. Techniques and Technology Note, 74(4), pp.1375-1379.

Van Der Heyden, M.A.G. et al., 2007. Cloning, sequence analysis and phylogeny of connexin43 isolated from American black bear heart. DNA Sequence, 18, pp.380–384.

2006

Barger, J.L., Barnes, B.M. & Boyer, B.B., 2006. Regulation of UCP1 and UCP3 in arctic ground squirrels and relation with mitochondrial proton leak. Journal of Applied Physiology, 101, pp.339–347.

Yan, J. et al., 2006. Detection of differential gene expression in brown adipose tissue of hibernating arctic ground squirrels with mouse microarrays. Physiological Genomics, 25, pp.346–353.

2005

Bennett, V.A. et al., 2005. Comparative overwintering physiology of Alaska and Indiana populations of the beetle Cucujus clavipes (Fabricius): roles of antifreeze proteins, polyols, dehydration and diapause. Journal of Experimental Biology, 208, pp.4467-4477.

Long, R.A., Martin, T.J. & Barnes, B.M., 2005. Body temperature and activity patterns in free-living Arctic ground squirrels. Journal of Mammalogy, 86(2), pp.314-322.

Ma, Y.L. et al., 2005. Absence of cellular stress in brain after hypoxia induced by arousal from hibernation in Arctic ground squirrels. American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 289, pp.R1297-R1306.

2004

Duman, J.G. et al., 2004. Antifreeze proteins in Alaskan insects and spiders. Journal of Insect Physiology, 50, pp.259-266.

Kenagy, G.J. et al., 2004. Microstructure of summer activity bouts of degus in a thermally heterogeneous habitat. Journal of Mammalogy, 85(2), pp.260-267.

2003

Barger, J.L. et al., 2003. Tissue-specific depression of mitochondrial proton leak and substrate oxidation in hibernating arctic ground squirrels. American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 284, pp.R1306-1313.

Buck, C.L. & Barnes, B.M., 2003. Androgen in free-living arctic ground squirrels: seasonal changes and influence of staged male-male aggressive encounters. Hormones and Behavior, 43(2), pp.318-326. Available at: doi:10.1016/S0018-506X(02)00050-8.

2002

Hut, R.A., Barnes, B.M. & Daan, S., 2002. Body temperature patterns before, during, and after semi-natural hibernation in the European ground squirrel. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 172(1), pp.47-58.

2000

Barnes, B.M. & Buck, C.L., 2000. Hibernation in the extreme: burrow and body temperatures, metabolism, and limits to torpor bout length in arctic ground squirrels. In M. Klingenspor & Heldmaier, G. Life in the Cold: Eleventh International Hibernation Symposium. Life in the Cold: Eleventh International Hibernation Symposium. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 65-72.

Buck, L.C. & Barnes, B.M., 2000. Effects of ambient temperature on metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, and torpor in an arctic hibernator. American Journal of Physiology, 279, pp.R255-R262.

Knight, J.E. et al., 2000. mRNA stability and polysome loss in hibernating arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii). Molecular and Cellular Biology, 20, pp.6374-6379.

Linnell, J.D.C. et al., 2000. How vulnerable are denning bears to disturbance?. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 28(2), pp.400-413.

1999

Boyer, B.B. & Barnes, B.M., 1999. Molecular and metabolic aspects of mammalian hibernation. BioScience, 49, pp.713-724.

Buck, C.L. & Barnes, B.M., 1999. Annual cycle of body composition and hibernation in free-living arctic ground squirrels. Journal of Mammalogy, 80, pp.430-442.

Buck, L.C. & Barnes, B.M., 1999. Temperatures of hibernacula and changes in body composition of arctic ground squirrels over winter. Journal of Mammalogy, 80, pp.1264-1276.

Osborne, P.G. et al., 1999. Determination of striatal extracellular g-aminobutyric acid in non-hibernating and hibernating Arctic ground squirrels using quantitative microdialysis. Brain Research, 839, pp.1-6.

1998

Boyer, B.B. et al., 1998. Differential regulation of uncoupling protein gene homologues in multiple tissues of hibernating ground squirrels. American Journal of Physiology, 275, pp.R1232-R1238.

1997

Boyer, B.B. et al., 1997. Leptin prevents post-hibernation weight gain but does not reduce energy expenditure in arctic ground squirrels. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 118c, pp.405-412.

1996

Barnes, B.M., 1996. Relationships between hibernation and reproduction in male ground squirrels. In A. J. Hulbert, Nicol, S. C. , & Geiser, F. Adaptations to the cold: Tenth International Hibernation Symposium. Adaptations to the cold: Tenth International Hibernation Symposium. Armidale: University of New England Press, pp. 71-80.

Barnes, B.M., 1996. Sang froid: The supercooled "slumber" of the coldest mammal on Earth. The Sciences, 36(5), pp.12-14.

Barnes, B.M. et al., 1996. Overwintering in yellowjacket queens (Vespula vulgaris) and green stinkbugs (Elasmosthetus interstinctus) in subarctic Alaska. Physiological Zoology, 69, pp.1469-1480.

Cossins, A.R. & Barnes, B.M., 1996. Southern discomfort. Nature, 382, pp.582-583.

Linnell, J.D.C. et al., 1996. How vulnerable are denning bears to disturbance? A review. A study in connection with plans for the establishment of a military training area in Østlandet, Norway (In Norwegian). NINA Oppdragsmelding, 413, pp.1-19.

1995

Deviche, P. & Barnes, B.M., 1995. Introduction to the symposium: Endocrinology of Arctic birds and mammals. American Zoologist, 35, pp.189-190.

1993

Barnes, B.M. & Ritter, D., 1993. Patterns of body temperature change in hibernating arctic ground squirrels. In G. L. Florant et al. Life in the cold: ecological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Life in the cold: ecological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Boulder: Westview Press, pp. 119-130.

Barnes, B.M., Omtzigt, C. & Daan, S., 1993. Hibernators periodically arouse in order to sleep. In G. L. Florant et al. Life in the Cold: ecological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Life in the Cold: ecological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Boulder: Westview Press, pp. 555-558.

Boyer, B.B. et al., 1993. Life in the cold: ecological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. In G. L. Florant et al. Boulder: Westview Press, pp. 483–491.

Boyer, B.B. et al., 1993. Molecular control of prehibernation brown fat growth in arctic ground squirrels. In G. L. Florant et al. Life in the cold: ecological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Life in the cold: ecological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Boulder: Westview Press, pp. 483-491.

1992

Daan, S., Strijkstra, A. & Barnes, B.M., 1992. The elusive function of sleep: new insight from hibernators?. In K. Honma & Hiroshige, T. Circadian clocks from cell to human. Circadian clocks from cell to human. Sapporo: Hokkaido University Press, pp. 165-176.

1991

Daan, S., Barnes, B.M. & Strijkstra, A.J., 1991. Warming up for sleep? -- ground squirrels sleep during arousals from hibernation. Neuroscience Letters, 128, pp.265-268.

University of Washington, Department of Zoology.
- N.I.H. Cell and Molecular Biology Trainee, 1982-1983.
University of California, Berkeley.
- N.I.H. Individual National Research Service Award Post-doctoral Fellowship, 1985-1986.
University of Alaska Fairbanks

UAF Faculty Research Grants Program: "Periodic arousals and reproductive development in hibernating mammals," 1987; "DNA fingerprinting in arctic ground squirrels," 1989; "Sleep regulation in heterothermic mammals," 1993.
NIH RO1 HD23383 (PI) "Endocrine responsiveness in heterothermic mammals," 1987-1996.
NIH K04 HD000973 (PI) “Research Career Development Award”, 1992-1997.
Durfee Foundation and Earthwatch (PI) “Student Field Expedition Awards”, 1990-1992.
NIH and NSF conference grants for symposium "Endocrinology of arctic birds and mammals," (co PI with P. Deviche) 1994.
NSF shared equipment grant (co-PI with D. Roby and others) 1994.
American Heart Institutional Award for Graduate Research (co-PI with B. Boyer) 1995‑1999.
NSF (PI) “An arctic residence facility for the Toolik Field Station, Alaska,” 1997-1999.
American Heart Association Standard Grant Award 98-AK-303 (co-PI with B. Boyer) “Multi-tissue regulation of energy expenditure by uncoupling proteins,” 1998-2001.
MJ Murdock Charitable Trust (PI) “Renovation of environmental chambers for support of arctic research,” 2000-2002.
NSF 9819540 (PI) “Energetics, homeostasis, and life history in an arctic hibernator,” 1999-2002.
NSF (PI) “Physiological limits to hibernation in large mammals,” 1999-2000.
NSF (PI) “A cooperative proposal for the Toolik Field Station, Alaska,” 2000-2005; renewed 2005-2010.
NSF EPSCoR (Research Focus Leader) “Integrative Approaches to Environmental Physiology,” 2000-2003.
NSF (PI, collaborative research with J. Duman) “Studies on antifreeze proteins in arctic and subarctic insects,” 2001-2006, 2006-2008.
US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (PI) “Hibernation genomics” 2005-2010.
NSF (co-PI) “International Polar Year -- Arctic Observatory Network” 2007-2010.
NSF (co-PI with D. O’Brien) “IPY: Extremes of hibernation physiology: patterns of expression, regulation, and limits” 2007-2010.

Sigma Xi
AAAS
American Society of Mammalogists
American Society of Physiology
Society for the Study of Reproduction
Society for Research on Biological Rhythms
Society for Neuroscience
Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology

Reproductive Biology of Vertebrates
Biological Rhythms
Physiological Ecology of Over-Wintering
Graduate Seminar in Physiology and Neurobiology

Past Graduate Students

Sylvia Feder, M.S. 1990
Mark Reed, M.S., 1993
Olav Ormseth, M.S. 1997 (co-advised with B. Boyer)
C. Loren Buck, Ph.D. 1998
Kelly Hochstetler, Ph.D. (withdrew)
William Toxvard, M.S. 2001
Shawna Karpovitch M.S. 2002
Jamie Barger, Ph.D. 2002 (co-advised with B. Boyer)
Petter Kvadsheim, Ph.D., post-doc, 2001
Todd Sformo, Ph.D., 2009

Past Post-Doctoral Fellows

Øivind Tøien, Ph.D., post-doc then Research Associate, 1997-current

Institute of Arctic Biology

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